REVIEW – April 2025

Moyamoya Disease: A Literature Review and Case Report

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Abstract

Moyamoya disease, being more dominant in Asian countries, is a steno-occlusive cerebrovascular disease, but the exact pathogenesis
is still unclear. It is known to cause stenosis of internal carotid artery, causing disruptions of anterior and medial cerebral arteries’ blood flow. Due to impaired blood flow to the brain, clinical presentation of given disease are usually ischemic events, mostly including stroke and TIA or haemorrhage, being more common in children and adults respectively. In addition, children and women are known to be more at risk. CT, MRA and DSA are the preferred diagnostic methods, the last one also being used to confirm the evolution of the disease and results of the treatment. Treatment of the disease is mostly invasive, involving restoration of blood flow to the brain via revascularisation operation,
preferably through direct approach. Though, to decrease risk of thrombosis, aspirin is recommended. Th is article presents a case report about haemorrhagic representation of Moyamoya, which was treated by direct revascularisation operation.