{"id":8276,"date":"2017-05-18T11:21:31","date_gmt":"2017-05-18T09:21:31","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/eestiarst.ee\/en\/?p=8276"},"modified":"2017-05-18T11:21:31","modified_gmt":"2017-05-18T09:21:31","slug":"immunotherapy-a-new-treatment-option-in-oncology","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/eestiarst.ee\/en\/immunotherapy-a-new-treatment-option-in-oncology\/","title":{"rendered":"Immunotherapy \u2013 a new treatment option in oncology"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><span style=\"color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman;\">In the tumour microenvironment, several immunomodulatory molecules are expressed by cells of the immune system as well as by tumour cells. Molecules that inhibit anti-tumour immune responses include cytokines, several growth factors, enzymes and ligands that bound to specific inhibitory molecules on immune cells (immune checkpoints CTLA-4, PD-1). Immune checkpoint inhibitors block inhibitory signals prevalent in the tumour microenvironment and thereby force the immune system to attack malignant cells. Currently, three immune checkpoint inhibitors (ipilimumab- antibody against CTLA-4, pembrolizumab and nivolumab- antibodies against PD-1) have reached everyday practice to treat melanoma, non-small cell lung cancer and renal cancer. Moreover, in the near future, lengthening of the list of these drugs is eagerly awaited. Immune checkpoint therapy is a new effective anti-cancer therapy which has expanded treatment options in a number of aggressive solid tumours.<\/span><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>In the tumour microenvironment, several immunomodulatory molecules are expressed by cells of the immune system as well as by tumour cells. Molecules that inhibit anti-tumour immune responses include cytokines, several growth factors, enzymes and ligands that bound to specific inhibitory molecules on immune cells (immune checkpoints CTLA-4, PD-1). Immune checkpoint inhibitors block inhibitory signals prevalent &#8230;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":5,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[2],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-8276","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-articles"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/eestiarst.ee\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8276","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/eestiarst.ee\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/eestiarst.ee\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/eestiarst.ee\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/5"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/eestiarst.ee\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=8276"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/eestiarst.ee\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8276\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":8277,"href":"https:\/\/eestiarst.ee\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8276\/revisions\/8277"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/eestiarst.ee\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=8276"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/eestiarst.ee\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=8276"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/eestiarst.ee\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=8276"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}